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National Telefilm Associates (otherwise known by its initials, NTA) was an independent distribution company that handled reissues of American film libraries, including much of Paramount Pictures' animated and short-subjects library. ==History== NTA was founded by Ely Landau and Oliver A. Unger〔 〕 in 1954 when Ely Landau, Inc. was reorganized in partnership with Unger and Harold Goldman. NTA was the successor company to U.M. & M. TV Corporation, which it bought out in 1956.〔 In October 1956, NTA launched the NTA Film Network, a syndication service which distributed both film and live programs to television stations not affiliated with NBC, CBS, or ABC (DuMont had recently gone out of business). The ad-hoc network's flagship station was WNTA-TV, channel 13 in New York. The NTA Network was launched as a "fourth TV network", and trade papers of the time referred to it as a new television network. The NTA network launched on October 15, 1956, with over 100 affiliate stations. NTA programming included syndicated programs such as ''Police Call'' (1955), ''How to Marry a Millionaire'' (1957-1959), ''The Passerby'', ''Man Without a Gun'' (1957-1959), and ''This is Alice'' (1958). The network also distributed 52 Twentieth Century Fox films in 1956.〔 In November of the same year, it was announced that 50% of the network had been purchased by Twentieth Century-Fox, which would also produce original content for the network.〔 In January 1959, Ely Landau was succeeded by Charles C. Barry, who took over as president of network operations. Landau continued to chair National Telefilm Associates. Despite the 50% ownership of Twentieth Century Fox, the film network never developed into a major commercial television network on a par with the "Big Three" television networks; modern TV historians regard the NTA Film Network as a syndication service rather than a major television network. Twentieth Century-Fox would later launch a network of its own in 1986; the Fox Broadcasting Company is now regarded as part of the "Big Four" networks. Among NTA's holdings: * Most of the pre-1949 feature films produced by Twentieth Century-Fox (these would later revert to Fox through their own TV division; as NTA held only a license to distribute, while Fox retained ownership) * Most of Paramount's short-subject library, including the Fleischer Studios and pre-October 1950 Famous Studios cartoons (excluding ''Popeye'' and ''Superman''), ''Puppetoons'', and the live-action comedies, musicals, and novelties (Burns and Allen, Robert Benchley, Eddie Cantor, Rudy Vallee, Louis Armstrong, ''Speaking of Animals'', Mack Sennett comedies, ''Hedda Hopper's Hollywood'', etc.) * ''Gulliver's Travels'' and ''Mr. Bug Goes to Town'', both produced by Fleischer Studios * Part of the pre-1952 United Artists library (those films whose rights did not revert to their original producers) * The Frank Capra film ''It's a Wonderful Life'' * Leo McCarey's Rainbow Productions (''The Bells of St. Mary's'', ''Good Sam'') * The Enterprise Studios catalog (''Body and Soul'', ''Arch of Triumph'', ''Force of Evil'', ''Caught'', etc.) * A number of reissued films from Budd Rogers Releasing Corporation (''The Dark Mirror'', ''Magic Town'', ''A Double Life'', ''Secret Beyond the Door'', and ''Mr. Peabody and the Mermaid'') * The pre-1960 United States Pictures catalog * ''The Lost Moment'' - a 1947 film released by Universal Pictures * In the early 1970s, Cary Grant licensed television distribution rights to several of his films, most of them independently produced by his company, to NTA for $2 million including royalties. These films included ''Penny Serenade'', ''Indiscreet'', ''Operation Petticoat'', ''The Grass is Greener'', ''That Touch of Mink'', and ''Father Goose''.〔Elliot, Mark. ''Cary Grant: a biography''. (p. 366) Three Rivers Press, New York. ISBN 0-307-20983-0.〕 * Select films produced by Landau himself * Most films from NTA sub-division Commonwealth United Entertainment * The original Republic Pictures library (NTA had acquired Republic's catalog after that company ceased production in 1957) * WNTA-AM-FM-TV licensed to Newark, New Jersey. WNTA-TV served the New York City television market, broadcasting on Channel 13 beginning in 1958. The stations were previously WAAT AM 970, WAAT-FM 94.7 and WATV. A notable WNTA-TV production syndicated to other commercial stations was the dramatic anthology series, ''The Play of the Week''. NTA shut down its TV station in late 1961, selling its license in 1962 to Educational Broadcasting Corporation, which reappeared in September 1962 as noncommercial WNDT and eventually WNET, the primary PBS outlet for the greater New York area. The radio stations were sold as well; they currently operate as WNYM AM 970 and WNSH 94.7 FM. In April 1973, NTA bought the library of NBC Films, the syndication arm of the NBC television network since March 1953, after the FCC ruled TV networks could not syndicate their own shows. Notable titles include ''Bonanza'', ''The High Chaparral'', ''Car 54, Where Are You?'', ''Kimba the White Lion'' and ''Get Smart''. Like its U.M. & M. predecessor, NTA altered the original negatives to the Paramount black-and-white animated shorts, replacing the front-and-end titles. References to Paramount and Technicolor were blacked out, with the NTA logo replacing the Paramount mountain. At the end of color prints, the NTA logo had a U.M. & M. copyright byline below it, but on black-and-white prints, the U.M. & M. copyright appeared where the original Paramount copyright had been. On some shorts, either the original Paramount copyright line, the original color process line, the "Paramount Presents" line, or even part of the Paramount logo could still be seen for a few frames before the black bars appear. On two ''Noveltoons'' featuring Little Audrey, the "spinning star" portion of the Paramount opening could still be seen. On the ''Little Lulu'' cartoons altered by NTA, they had no choice but to leave in the last part of the Paramount opening, albeit with much of it blacked out, since the "Little Lulu by Marge from ''The Saturday Evening Post''" title card appeared over the Paramount mountain. In addition, when NTA repackaged many of those same cartoons in the 70's, the original titles were kept without black bars, but the opening and ending Paramount logos were replaced with a contemporary NTA logo. At the same time, the Fleischer Studios feature ''Gulliver's Travels'', as well as a small number of short subjects have been found with original titles. In 1983, NTA bought Blackhawk Films. By 1983, NTA had launched a home video division called NTA Home Entertainment to market its holdings. Two labels, Spotlite Video, releasing video cassettes of public domain material and documentaries, and Inspiration Video, which released faith content was also established. By the end of the decade, NTA had bought the name and trademarks of the old Republic studio and renamed itself Republic Pictures and the home video arm was renamed to Republic Pictures Home Video, as well as Spotlite and Inspiration closing in 1986. NTA/Republic changed hands in succeeding years, and distribution of the former NTA holdings is split—the theatrical rights are handled by Paramount Pictures, while television rights lie with Trifecta Entertainment & Media (for the theatrical output), and CBS Television Distribution (for the television library). When Republic folded in 2012, Viacom took full control of the former's theatrical library, with Olive Films handling home video rights to the theatrical catalog (except ''It's a Wonderful Life'', which Paramount now distributes on DVD, among other selected films), while Paramount Home Entertainment (through CBS DVD) handles the television library for home video. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「National Telefilm Associates」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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